Force in Physics

Understanding the fundamental concept that drives motion and change in the universe

What Is Force?

The Basics

In physics, force is defined as strength or energy exerted or brought to bear — the cause of motion or change, an active power. [Merriam-Webster](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/force)

Force is represented mathematically as **F = ma** (Force = mass × acceleration). [Testbook](https://testbook.com/question-answer/force-is-a--68931abb00bbdcd1c39e5ee4)

The Four Fundamental Forces

Fundamental Forces

Physics identifies four fundamental forces that govern all interactions in nature. Three are part of the Standard Model of Particle Physics; gravity stands apart. [Department of Energy](https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsgravity)

Relative Strength of Fundamental Forces

**Strong Force** — holds subatomic particles together to form larger subatomic particles [energy.gov](https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsthe-strong-force)

**Electromagnetic Force** — governs chemistry, touch, and all properties of light

**Weak Force** — much weaker than electromagnetism; causes certain nuclei to fall apart

**Gravity** — the only fundamental force NOT part of the Standard Model of Particle Physics